Grade 12 · Theory
Characteristics of a good database
Database Design Concepts · about 3 min
Splitting a table removes the update, insert and delete anomalies.A well-designed database stores every fact once, keeps data correct, and answers questions quickly — properties that come from design, not luck.
Key points- No unnecessary redundancy: each fact in exactly one place.
- Integrity: primary keys, foreign keys with referential integrity, validation rules.
- Completeness and accuracy of the data model — it represents the real situation.
- Security: authentication and role-based access to tables and fields.
- Performance and scalability: sensible keys and indexes; grows with the data.
- Maintainability: clear naming and documentation.
- Data integrity — overall accuracy, consistency and reliability of data.
- Index — a structure that speeds up searches on a field.
EXAM TIP
list four characteristics with a phrase on HOW each is achieved (e.g. integrity → keys + validation).